The first dock in Liverpool was built in 1715. By the end of the century, four more docks along the Mersey had been erected, putting the port ahead of even London in terms of dock space. In 1830, the Liverpool and Manchester Railway became the first in England to connect two major cities. Rapidly created was a rail network that provided convenient and economical access to all major British industrial centres. Between Liverpool and the Wirral, steam ferry lines ran over the Mersey estuary. This was followed by a surge in immigration from neighbouring territories and Ireland, especially during and after the Irish Potato Famine (1845–49).

https://firmania.co.uk/liverpool/spires-tutors-4318029">liverpool secondary tutoring had become the heart of a 7-mile-long (11-kilometer-long) network of docks running from Hornby (1884) in the north to Herculaneum (1866) in the south by the turn of the century. The docks were renovated further, although Liverpool's reputation as an export and passenger port declined following WWII. This transition can be attributed mostly to Liverpool's industrial hinterland and traditional trading with the United States and https://www.deer-digest.com/?s=West%20Africa">West Africa in British economic life. The problem was worsened by a lack of capital investment and dockworker unemployment.